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Showing posts from April, 2010

CMOS IC LAYOUT

APPLICATIONS OF NON LINEAR FIBRE OPTICS

ANALOG INTERFACING TO EMBEDDED MICROPROCESSORS

ANALOG CIRCUITS COOKBOOK

ADAPTIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS

Common causes of "Invalid drive specification" messages.

There are several sets of circumstances that can return this status. A. If the drive has not been partitioned (with FDISK) this message will be reported. B. If the drive parameters (Cyl, Hd, Sec) set in CMOS DON'T match those of the drive this message will be returned indicating that the drive geometry read from the drive doesn't match what is entered in CMOS. C. General hardware failure on the disk sub-system where the drive geometry cannot be read (causing the mismatch described in B). This could be a bad cable, misplaced cable (off by a pin or row) no DC power to the disk, bad disk PCB, incorrect jumpering on disk PCB. Any matter of problems that can cause the disk to be unreadable can return this error message. NOTE!! On initial HDD install/upgrade I'd do a physical check on all the obvious things like cable placement, power connectors, listen to hear the disk seeking during it's POST test on pwr up. If this error occurs after the disk has b

Error Message: Disk Boot failure

If your computer has just been formatted, your computer might require you to insert the boot CD to be able to run it. You might hence get the error message “Disk Boot Failure- Insert disk and press enter” displayed on the screen every time you will try to run it. This might be linked to: 1. The boot options not correctly set in BIOS 2. A non bootable CD is found in your CD drive 3. You do not possess any bootable device 4. You have installed a new hard disk 5. The hard disk is not properly plugged 6. Your system files have been infected Solution 1: Ensure that your drives are empty If there is a non bootable CD or disk in the drives, your computer might be attempting to boot the program with this disk. Hence, ensure that the floppy disk drive, the CD/R and DVD drives are all empty before restarting your computer and trying to run computer again. Solution 2: BIOS set up If this has not solved the problem, it might be linked to a wrong set up of BIOS. Hence, 1. To enter

What to do if a file cannot be deleted?

It often happens that while trying to delete a file or a folder, your system tells you that this particular file cannot be deleted at that time. These errors occur currently with video or music file formats. This can be due to a number of factors, such as: Someone else is accessing the file/folder on the network or on a shared computer You are trying to delete a system file that is being used by another program You are trying to delete an infected folder or your system has been infected and prevents you from deleting this file You have access restrictions on this particular file/folder The file/folder has been saved in “Read only” format Your system is not compatible with this kind of file and is hence displaying error messages. Here are 5 solutions for that..... Solution 1: Ensure that the file/folder is not in use If you are using a shared computer, another user or program on the user’s account might be using the file/folder that you are trying to delete. 1. Ask the ot

How to fix a rundll error?

DLL files form part of a large record of codes and information that are used by many of the programs on your computer system. They are all linked to the Windows Registry and help to enhance the speed and memory effectiveness of your computer by using an identical code to run various tasks processed by various programs at a time. Hence, the rundll error arises when a program is not granted access to this particular code. " Error Loading C:\windows\system 32\bridge.dll " is the kind of rundll error message that you can get. Why does this happen? This error can arise because a DLL file has been infected by a virus or is missing on the system due to a spyware. As the programs using this file will not be able to access it, there will be a rundll error to tell your system that the program cannot be loaded due to the missing code/file. How to fix a rundll error? To be able to locate where the error comes from, you can make use of internet tools or choose to fix it

How to speed up a slow PC?

If your PC is taking ages to boot up and is very slow while running programs, it might be due to a number of factors. Problem 1: Not enough RAM RAM stands for Random Access Memory and is used as a temporary storage memory by your computer. This memory is in use when tasks are being executed by different programs. Hence, you should have enough RAM memory to process all the tasks at hand; if you don’t this might cause the major slow down of your computer while it is booting up or processing tasks. How to know if your computer has enough RAM? The programs that are installed on your computer usually have RAM requirements that are asked. If your computer has been running at a normal speed before the installation of such programs and has crucially slowed down with time, you might need to add more RAM on your computer system. Also, if your computer is slowing down every time you are processing large files, or it freezes while executing several programs at once, these might be

SIGNALS & SYSTEMS

Unable to run executable files (. Exe) on windows platform

My programs are launching no more It may happen that only executable files aren’t eager open properly: either you have the dialog box "Open With", it opens with notepad or another program. This problem may be due to a error made on your PC. If this is not the case, then it is necessarily a virus, follow this tip to disinfect your PC. To correct the problem, follow these steps: First Solution This solution is valid for XP and 2000 versions. Go to Control Panel and then Folder Options. Select the File Type tab and then click New Type in EXE file extension and click OK The EXE extension is automatically selected, then click Restore Close the dialog box Second solution This solution works for all versions of Windows Click on Start> All Programs> Accessories> Notepad Select the text below> copy and paste it into Notepad Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00 [HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\exefile] "EditFlags"=hex:d8,07,00,00 @=&quo

How to work with partitions in Windows Vista / XP when Disk Management doesn’t work?

Windows Vista’s Disk Management tool can be quite deceiving. It allows you to work with partitions at ease in a presentable GUI format - but with problems. There have been a lot of complaints and confusion as to why Windows Vista grays out the extend volume and shrink volume properties. In response to this, I have found an alternative way to work with partitions, allowing you to easily resize, delete, and create partitions. Diskpart.exe does a very good job at working with partitions. Unlike Disk Management, Diskpart actually works! Before continuing, make sure that you: * Backed up all important files * Do not run diskpart.exe with Dynamic Disks 1) First, you’ll want to pull out your Start Menu and type diskpart.exe (Windows XP users might have to download diskpart.exe ) This will open a command-prompt like window. At this window, type list disk. This will list all your available hard disks. 2) Proceed by typing select disk to select the disk you want t

Know The Beep

One Beep : DRAM refresh failure This may be due to - Bad memory chips - A bad DMA Chip - Bad memory addressing chips on the motherboard Two Beeps : Parity error or Parity Circuit failure -Your memory may not be seated properly on the mother board. -Unplug and plug it properly Three Beeps : Bad memory or bad mother board Four beeps : Timer failure in the RAM. Five Beeps : CPU chip may be dead Six Beeps : Keyboard controller may have failed Seven beeps : CPU is dead. Retry the connections and test. -Replace the whole motherboard. Eight Beeps : Video card is missing or Bad. Nine Beeps : Damaged ROM BIOS. -BIOS chip has to be replaced if it persists. Ten Beeps : CMOS shutdown. -Replace CMOS memory and associated chips. Eleven Beeps : Cache memory test has failed. -To enable cache memory try CTRL+ALT+SHIFT++. One long Beep and Three short Beeps: Memory failure One long Beep and Eight short Beeps : Video card failure. -Try to install video card in another slot. No Beeps : Che

Hot Reboot

When you click on the SHUTDOWN button, make sure to simultaneous press SHIFT Button. If you hold the Shift key down while clicking on SHUTDOWN button, your computer would restart without restarting the Computer. This is equivalent to term "HOT REBOOT".

Crack ur Administrative account(Windows)

Forgot Account Password?Then here is the solution for that........... Go to Run->cmd type AT (time) /interactive “cmd.exe” enter time in 24hr format means if you want to enter 5.00pm then enter 17:00 then a new window of cmd will open at specified time. In new window type net(space)user press enter after this u will see some names on ur screen notedown the name of admin acc then type net user (name of admin acc u want to crack into) (space) * e.g if the name of admin acc is john then type net user john * then it will ask u for new password enter password of ur choice and u got the admin password The above scheduling is optional you can crack ur administrative account without doing that.U can perform the following directly from the same window.U should be logged in any account to perform this. for eg :If ur system is a single user system then one inbuilt secret account will be there.How to login into that??Its so simple my dear friends........ U just click CTRL+ALT+DEL

Lock your computer in 2 seconds

Very useful when you have to leave your system on for some time and you have to go some where else... Right click on an empty area of the desktop and choose 'new' then 'shortcut.' The create shortcut wizard will open. in the first text box, type '%windir%\System32\rundll32.exe user32.dll,LockWorkStation' and then give your shortcut an appropriate name on the next page, and hit 'finish.' You will notice that the shortcut you created has a blank icon. To select a more appropriate one, right click on the shortcut and hit 'properties.' In the 'shortcut' tab, click the 'change icon' button. else u can simply press the "window key + l" to lock your computer...

Not needed to install BLUETOOTH SOFTWARE

inbuilt blutooth sftware in win. XP Now u don't need 2 install any software for ur bluetooth device. u don't know bt u already had it in ur window xp nd vista it can b used as:- 1.open d run command 2.nw typ 'fsquirt' wid-out quotes 3.nw jus select weder u want 2 snd or receive ne file vry easy:-) NOTE:BLUETOOTH DEVICE NEEDED

Auto delete the temporary folder

What i prefer is %temp% " without quotes.. at Start -> Run.. This opens ur temp folder n den u select all and delete.still try dis one too.. First go into gpedit.msc Next select -> Computer Configuration/Administrative Templates/Windows Components/Terminal Services/Temporary Folder Then right click "Do Not Delete Temp Folder Upon Exit" Go to properties and hit disable. Now next time Windows puts a temp file in that folder it will automatically delete it when its done! Note from Forum Admin: Remember, GPEDIT (Group Policy Editor) is only available in XP Pro.

How to remove trojans that uses autorun.inf file?

S tep1: Remove autorun.inf files from all your drives, include any usb/flash drives. 1. Manually: Reboot your PC in Safe mode. 1. Restart your computer 2. After hearing your computer beep once during startup, but before the Windows icon appears, press F8. 3. Instead of Windows loading as normal, a menu should appear 4. Select the first option, to run Windows in Safe Mode. Click Start -> Run. In the type box enter cmd and press Enter. In the command console type del /a:h /f c:\autorun.* Repeat previous step to all drives, make replacing “c” with the appropriate drive letter. 2. Automatically. Download Flash_Disinfector by sUBs and save it to your desktop. Double-click Flash_Disinfector.exe to run it and follow any prompts that may appear. The utility may ask you to insert your flash drive and/or other removable drives including your mobile phone. Please do so and allow the utility to clean up those drives as well. Wait until it has finished scanning and then exit the

Windows Installer 3.1 Upgrade Problems

I f you have Windows Installer 3.1 on your computer, then the installation of a Microsoft Windows Installer (.msi) package may fail if the installer attempts to install a more current version of a system file that is being protected by the Windows File Protection (WFP) feature. Additionally, you may notice Windows Installer Error 1931 is added to the Windows Installer log or the Application log Additional Information: WFP is a feature that helps in protecting Windows operating systems and other program files, usually with file name extensions, .dll, .exe, .ocx, and .sys. Some True Type fonts may also be protected by the feature. Primarily, file signatures and catalog files are used to ensure that the files being protected are correct Microsoft versions. WFP allows these files to be replaced only when a hotfix is installed by using the Update.exe or HOtfix.exe, or if the Operating System is upgraded using Winnt32.exe or a Windows Update is performed. Cause of the Error Win

Troubleshooting Memory Problems In SystemTroubleshooting Memory Problems In System

I t is fairly common for computer users to come across problems associated with memory. These problems can be resolved if computer users are aware of troubleshooting methods and are able to correctly diagnose them on their own. One of the first steps in troubleshooting memory-related problems is to ensure that the origin of the problem is really the memory. To do this, you may start by asking the following questions: 1. Have you recently purchased your PC? If the problem is encountered on a new PC, it may be a good idea to contact the vendor for fixing the problem because the system might still be under warranty. 2. Have you upgraded memory by adding new memory chips? Quite often, memory errors occur if we add incompatible or faulty chips. If this is the case, you may resolve the error by replacing the problematic chips. Also, you must ensure that your memory chips are properly seated in their slots. 3. Have you recently installed a new software? If your answer is

How To Fix “Setup Was Unable To Find The MSI Package” Error?

I f your PC is behind a proxy server, then the following error message may be displayed when you attempt to install a program on your Windows computer: "Setup was unable to find the MSI package.“ Steps to See Proxy Configuration To see if your computer is behind a proxy server, perform the following tasks: 1. Open Internet Explorer. 2. On the Tools menu, select Internet Options. 3. Select Connections. 4. On this tab, select the LAN Settings button to check your Internet Connections settings. 5. If the Use proxy server for this connection check box is selected it implies that you are trying to install your software from behind a proxy server. Workaround Solutions To workaround this issue, you may use one of the following solutions: Method 1: Use another connection that connects directly to the Internet. Many software programs that are installed using the Windows Installer utility start the installation process directly from the Internet. However, your p

How to Resolve Error 1053?

T he following error message may be displayed and it may take you much longer than normal to stop or pause a managed Microsoft Windows service: Could not stop the Windows service-name service on Local Computer. Error 1053: The service did not respond to the start or control request in a timely fashion. Note: Here, service_name represents that name of the Managed Windows service you are tying to stop or pause. Cause of the Error This error usually occurs when there are some problems between the service you are trying to stop/pause and the Advapi32.dll file. This DLL file is part of one of the advanced API services library that supports several APIs that include several security and registry calls. Technical explanation: When you attempt to stop or pause a service, the OnStop method is directly called by the ServiceBase class directly from the Service common handler. This handler is defined in the ScDispatcherLoop of Advapi32.dll. If this ScDispatcherLoop thread is unable

How to Fix rthdcpl.exe - Illegal System DLL Relocation Error?

Y ou may receive the following error message soon after you have updated your Windows XP PC with Service Pack 2: Rthdcpl.exe - Illegal System DLL Relocation The system DLL user32.dll was relocated in memory. The application will not run properly. The relocation occurred because the DLL C:\Windows\System32\Hhctrl.ocx occupied an address range reserved for Windows system DLLs. The vendor supplying the DLL should be contacted for a new DLL. This error message is displayed when a recent Windows XP update causes some problems with the Realtek HD Audio Control Panel versions1.41, 1.45, 1.49, and 1.57. Note: You may also encounter this problem if you have ElsterFormular versions 2006 and 2007, TUGZip version 3.4, CD-Tag version 2.27, Suunto Ski Manager versions 1.0.2, 1.1 and 1.2, and BMC PATROL version 7.1 programs on your PC. Cause of the Error This problem usually appears after the security updates 925902 (MS07-017) and 928843 (MS07-008) are installed on a Windows XP Service P